196 lines
5.7 KiB
Markdown
196 lines
5.7 KiB
Markdown
# CentOS8 安装 MySQL8.0（RPM）
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[作者博客](https://blog.51cto.com/u_11261718) [原文地址](https://blog.51cto.com/u_11261718/2465227)
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> 环境：Linux centos8 4.18.0-80.el8.x86_64、Mysql8.0.18
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## 1、Mysql官网下载RPM包
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## 2、检查是否安装过
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```html
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rpm -qa | grep -i mysql
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```
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## 3、卸载之前的安装
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```html
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rpm -e --nodeps 软件名 //强力删除，对相关依赖的文件也进行强力删除
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```
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## 4、安装客户端（mysql-client）
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```html
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rpm -ivh rpm包
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* 安装mysql-community-common-8.0.18
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* 安装mysql-community-libs-8.0.18
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* 安装mysql-community-client-8.0.18（前两个是其依赖）
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```
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## 5、安装服务端（mysql-server）
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## 6、查看是否安装成功
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```html
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有以下方式查看：
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* ps -ef | grep mysql
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* cat /etc/group | grep mysql
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* cat /etc/password | grep mysql
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* mysqladmin --version
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...
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```
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## 7、初始化mysql
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```html
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mysqld --initialize //创建数据文件目录和mysql系统数据库 产生随机root密码
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```
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## 8、启动mysql服务
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```html
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systemctl start mysqld
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```
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```html
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启动失败，因为/var/lib/mysql目录权限不够
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```
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## 9、/var/lib/mysql目录权限授权
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```html
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chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql/
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```
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## 10、启动mysql服务
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```html
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systemctl start mysqld //启动
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ps -ef | grep mysql //查看mysql服务
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```
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## 11、查看初始化随机生成的root密码
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```html
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cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep password
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```
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## 12、安全设置
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```html
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mysql_secure_installation
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```
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## 13、mysql登录
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```html
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mysql -uroot -p //随机密码登录
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```
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## 14、重置密码（Mysql8.0+有变化）
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```html
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先把root的旧密码置空
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use mysql;
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update user set authentication_string='' where user='root';
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备注：Mysql5.7+ password字段 已改成 authentication_string字段
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```
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```html
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重置成新密码
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alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'newpassword';
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备注：Mysql8.0修改密码方式已有变化（此处是个坑，需要注意）
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Mysql8.0之前：
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update user set password=password('root') where user='root';
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```
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## 15、退出后使用新密码再登录mysql
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```html
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mysql -uroot -proot
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```
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## 16、如何停止、重启和查看mysql服务
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```html
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systemctl stop mysqld //停止服务
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systemctl restart mysqld //重启服务
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systemctl status mysqld //查看服务
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```
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## 17、mysql的相关安装目录文件
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```html
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/usr/bin //相关命令
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```
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```html
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/usr/share/mysql //配置文件目录
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```
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```html
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/var/lib/mysql //数据库文件存放目录
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```
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```html
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/etc/my.cnf //mysql的启动配置文件
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```
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## 18、后记
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```html
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my.ini //windows操作系统下的配置文件
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my.cnf //linux操作系统下的配置文件
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mysqld //是后台守护进程，即mysql daemon
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mysql //是客户端命令行
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``` |