# CentOS8 安装 MySQL8.0（RPM）

[作者博客](https://blog.51cto.com/u_11261718) [原文地址](https://blog.51cto.com/u_11261718/2465227)

> 环境：Linux centos8 4.18.0-80.el8.x86_64、Mysql8.0.18

## 1、Mysql官网下载RPM包

![CentOS8 安装 MySQL8.0（RPM）_linux](https://cdn.learnku.com/uploads/images/201912/21/32495/2TNOZ7kvVK.png!large)

![CentOS8 安装 MySQL8.0（RPM）_mysql_02](https://cdn.learnku.com/uploads/images/201912/21/32495/Dx4o27N0Ll.png!large)

## 2、检查是否安装过

```html
rpm -qa | grep -i mysql
```

## 3、卸载之前的安装

```html
rpm -e --nodeps 软件名 //强力删除，对相关依赖的文件也进行强力删除
```

## 4、安装客户端（mysql-client）

```html
rpm -ivh rpm包
* 安装mysql-community-common-8.0.18
* 安装mysql-community-libs-8.0.18
* 安装mysql-community-client-8.0.18（前两个是其依赖）
```

![CentOS8 安装 MySQL8.0（RPM）_mysql_03](https://cdn.learnku.com/uploads/images/201912/21/32495/jO9Z6eEuME.png!large)

![CentOS8 安装 MySQL8.0（RPM）_mysql_04](https://cdn.learnku.com/uploads/images/201912/21/32495/nvlaQ3ER3H.png!large)

![CentOS8 安装 MySQL8.0（RPM）_mysql_05](https://cdn.learnku.com/uploads/images/201912/21/32495/dzHM5ERPtc.png!large)

## 5、安装服务端（mysql-server）

![CentOS8 安装 MySQL8.0（RPM）_linux_06](https://cdn.learnku.com/uploads/images/201912/21/32495/Jtq8ljgSZ2.png!large)

![CentOS8 安装 MySQL8.0（RPM）_linux_07](https://cdn.learnku.com/uploads/images/201912/21/32495/6rIYWqftHM.png!large)

## 6、查看是否安装成功

```html
有以下方式查看：
* ps -ef | grep mysql
* cat /etc/group | grep mysql
* cat /etc/password | grep mysql
* mysqladmin --version
...
```

![CentOS8 安装 MySQL8.0（RPM）_mysql_08](https://cdn.learnku.com/uploads/images/201912/21/32495/aEIQJoMWwS.png!large)

![CentOS8 安装 MySQL8.0（RPM）_mysql_09](https://cdn.learnku.com/uploads/images/201912/21/32495/zwDTan2oHb.png!large)

![CentOS8 安装 MySQL8.0（RPM）_mysql_10](https://cdn.learnku.com/uploads/images/201912/21/32495/9bee6xP8Gr.png!large)

## 7、初始化mysql

```html
mysqld --initialize //创建数据文件目录和mysql系统数据库 产生随机root密码
```

## 8、启动mysql服务

```html
systemctl start mysqld
```

![CentOS8 安装 MySQL8.0（RPM）_linux_11](https://cdn.learnku.com/uploads/images/201912/21/32495/V4NWWzkibu.png!large)

```html
启动失败，因为/var/lib/mysql目录权限不够
```

![CentOS8 安装 MySQL8.0（RPM）_mysql_12](https://cdn.learnku.com/uploads/images/201912/21/32495/IJ2fjGgagY.png!large)

## 9、/var/lib/mysql目录权限授权

```html
chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql/
```

![CentOS8 安装 MySQL8.0（RPM）_mysql_13](https://cdn.learnku.com/uploads/images/201912/21/32495/Zt9K5iXW3S.png!large)

## 10、启动mysql服务

```html
systemctl start mysqld //启动
ps -ef | grep mysql //查看mysql服务
```

![CentOS8 安装 MySQL8.0（RPM）_mysql_14](https://cdn.learnku.com/uploads/images/201912/21/32495/sEFjMpxsAi.png!large)

## 11、查看初始化随机生成的root密码

```html
cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep password
```

![CentOS8 安装 MySQL8.0（RPM）_linux_15](https://cdn.learnku.com/uploads/images/201912/21/32495/hvgBsYLCbs.png!large)

## 12、安全设置

```html
mysql_secure_installation
```

![CentOS8 安装 MySQL8.0（RPM）_linux_16](https://cdn.learnku.com/uploads/images/201912/21/32495/LjRTaqHLuG.png!large)

![CentOS8 安装 MySQL8.0（RPM）_mysql_17](https://cdn.learnku.com/uploads/images/201912/21/32495/XIiZ6Cifxi.png!large)

## 13、mysql登录

```html
mysql -uroot -p //随机密码登录
```

![CentOS8 安装 MySQL8.0（RPM）_linux_18](https://cdn.learnku.com/uploads/images/201912/21/32495/Q9wTS3ocCT.png!large)

## 14、重置密码（Mysql8.0+有变化）

```html
先把root的旧密码置空
use mysql;
update user set authentication_string='' where user='root';
备注：Mysql5.7+ password字段 已改成 authentication_string字段
```

![CentOS8 安装 MySQL8.0（RPM）_mysql_19](https://cdn.learnku.com/uploads/images/201912/21/32495/hTmWm4KY6g.png!large)

```html
重置成新密码
alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'newpassword';
备注：Mysql8.0修改密码方式已有变化（此处是个坑，需要注意）
Mysql8.0之前：
update user set password=password('root') where user='root';
```

![CentOS8 安装 MySQL8.0（RPM）_mysql_20](https://cdn.learnku.com/uploads/images/201912/21/32495/TlnCt0b6CK.png!large)

## 15、退出后使用新密码再登录mysql

```html
mysql -uroot -proot
```

![CentOS8 安装 MySQL8.0（RPM）_mysql_21](https://cdn.learnku.com/uploads/images/201912/21/32495/GsubKaox9h.png!large)

## 16、如何停止、重启和查看mysql服务

```html
systemctl stop mysqld //停止服务
systemctl restart mysqld //重启服务
systemctl status mysqld //查看服务
```

## 17、mysql的相关安装目录文件

```html
/usr/bin //相关命令
```

![CentOS8 安装 MySQL8.0（RPM）_linux_22](https://cdn.learnku.com/uploads/images/201912/21/32495/rzdrV1NbjT.png!large)

```html
/usr/share/mysql //配置文件目录
```

![CentOS8 安装 MySQL8.0（RPM）_mysql_23](https://cdn.learnku.com/uploads/images/201912/21/32495/bRGS2J2pnT.png!large)

```html
/var/lib/mysql //数据库文件存放目录
```

![CentOS8 安装 MySQL8.0（RPM）_mysql_24](https://cdn.learnku.com/uploads/images/201912/21/32495/wQYYNnmAeJ.png!large)

```html
/etc/my.cnf //mysql的启动配置文件
```

![CentOS8 安装 MySQL8.0（RPM）_mysql_25](https://cdn.learnku.com/uploads/images/201912/21/32495/avhSyrSOim.png!large)

## 18、后记

```html
my.ini //windows操作系统下的配置文件
my.cnf //linux操作系统下的配置文件
mysqld //是后台守护进程，即mysql daemon
mysql //是客户端命令行
```